Policy briefs and reports

Loitering Munitions and Unpredictability

Loitering Munitions and Unpredictability: Autonomy in Weapon Systems and Challenges to Human Control

By: Ingvild Bode and Tom Watts Published by: Center for War Studies, University of Southern Denmark Date: May 2023 Type: Report Summary Loitering munitions – expendable uncrewed aircraft which can integrate sensorbased analysis to hover over, detect and explode into targets – are an increasingly prominent feature of modern battlefields. Existing studies have examined whether […]

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Meaning-less Human Control

Meaning-less Human Control: Lessons from Air Defence Systems for the Debate on Autonomous Weapons

By: Ingvild Bode and Tom Watts Published by: Center for War Studies, University of Southern Denmark Date: May 2021 Type: Report Summary Autonomous weapons systems (AWS) are the subject of growing debate. At the heart of this debate is whether such systems reduce meaningful humancontrol over the use of force. Much of the current debate

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